Brain-Damaging Tapeworm Infections Surge in Mumbai Monsoon, Say Doctors

Mumbai doctors are warning of rising neurocysticercosis cases this monsoon, a brain infection caused by tapeworms from contaminated food. Poor hygiene, flooding, and undercooked pork are major causes. Symptoms include seizures and headaches. Experts urge improved sanitation, food safety, and early diagnosis to prevent long-term neurological damage.

Doctors in Mumbai are raising fresh concerns over a surge in cases of neurocysticercosis, a potentially deadly brain infection caused by pork tapeworm larvae, during this year’s monsoon. The infection, spread through undercooked pork and unwashed vegetables, is being increasingly reported amid poor food hygiene and flooding in the city.

Neurocysticercosis, caused by the larval cysts of Taenia solium, occurs when a person consumes contaminated food or water carrying tapeworm eggs. Once inside the body, the larvae can travel to the brain and form cysts that may trigger seizures, severe headaches, strokes, or long-term neurological damage.

Dr Pavan Pai, a neurologist cited in reports, warned that rainy-season conditions such as waterlogging and open drains heighten the risk. “Children and people with weakened immunity are especially at risk. Persistent headaches or unexplained seizures should never be ignored,” he advised.

The infection has a long incubation period and is often undetected until symptoms appear. Seizures are the most common symptom, especially when the cysts lodge inside brain tissue. Other signs include neuropsychiatric issues, muscle stiffness, or even cognitive decline.

Diagnosis involves MRI or CT scans, which detect cysts at different stages—active, inflamed, or calcified. Treatment includes antiparasitic drugs and seizure management. However, prevention remains the most effective strategy.

Doctors recommend avoiding undercooked meat, washing vegetables thoroughly, and improving hygiene practices. Public health experts say the disease thrives in areas with poor sanitation and unregulated pig farming, and stress long-term education and sanitation reforms.

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The World Health Organization classifies neurocysticercosis as a Neglected Parasitic Infection, with cases found in India, Latin America, China, and parts of Africa. With the monsoon ongoing, health authorities in Mumbai are urging vigilance and timely medical intervention.